The exceptions, of course, are private schools and many Catholic schools, where uniforms are traditional. Unless a child attended preschool or nursery, the structure and routines of the school day and the social relationships within the school setting must be entirely learned. Streaming not only influences the course choices of students, but also contributes to the overall socialization of children and adolescents in schools. Currie and Kelly (2006) found that the popular girls in their study tended to be slim, dress in a sexy manner, and wear lots of makeup, according to non-popular girls. Girls who wear tank tops and are reprimanded are at risk of being deemed immoral or slutty, and boys who violate certain rules aimed at them may be labelled gangsters. Pomerantz argues that implicit in many of the dress code discourses is the message that it is a females moral duty to keep herself covered. As noted by Krahn and Taylor (2007), labour shortages in the area of skilled trades have also supported the arguments for streaming because such shortages point to a need for more vocational training opportunities in Canadian high schools, which of course are associated with the non-academic stream. Pomerantz argues that dress codes are not simply neutral school policies; they also impact on the creation of gender, sexuality, and race. Rather than committing acts of physical violence toward each other, girls are much more likely to participate in covert acts of aggression such as spreading rumours and excluding individuals from their social group. While the media may tend to overemphasize the home schooling practices of the religious right in Canada and the United States, many parents in Canada choose to home school not for religious reasons, but because they are dissatisfied with the curriculum and/or the social environment of schools. Of course, popularity is a factor in social identity. Socialization The topics that children learn about and how they are presented are just one way that school acts as a socializing agent. These goals (e.g., learning to share, participating in lessons, working in groups), when embraced, also serve to integrate the child into social groups at school. It can be difficult for teachers to be warm and supportive when behavioural disruptions from students make it challenging for the teacher to perform his or her instructional role (Jennings and Greenberg 2009). Senior High English Language Arts; Program of Study. These behaviours, however, served only to reproduce their working-class membership. Within these two generalizations, however, much differentiation existed regarding the amount of money spent on the clothing. Victim characteristics also differ by gender, as male victims are often not tough (Shakeshaft and Barber 1995). course sequence provides for the study of texts at a variety of different levels of sophistication, to meet the needs of a more diverse student population in terms of student aspirations and abilities, students who aspire to post-secondary education, but not necessarily to careers related to the English language arts, may register in this course sequence. Raby (2005) further argues that school codes of conduct reflect middle-class, often White, and rather gendered values. This difference may be due to ethnic group membership, disability, physical attractiveness, or being a newcomer to the classroom (Asher et al. More participatory models of school rule enforcement and creation do exist, however, such as in alternative schools (see Box 6.4). Children must learn the work ethic that goes along with school and understand the goals of learning as well as adjusting their efforts according to teacher feedback. Peer groups can also be thought of as a form of social capital (see Chapter 2). Zero tolerance policies refer to specific code infractions that result in immediate punishment, usually in the form of suspension or expulsion, and sometimes involving the police. Streaming not only serves to increase the efficiency of teaching and classroom management, but also results in social groupings of students that have significant social meaning within and outside of the school. The socialization of students through the use of school rules, including dress codes and uniforms, was also addressed. The process of a student internalizing the preferred understanding of what is right and wrong; accomplished through teachers emphasizing the desirability of certain virtues, such as hard work, equity, being nice, and so on. In contrast, the English language arts academic trajectory in Alberta is ELA 10-1, 20-1, and 30-1 [which] provides a more in-depth study of text in terms of textual analysis. School settings often place children in heterogeneous classes with large groups of children of the same age, where they participate in very specific school-oriented activities and events. The argument that because school teachers are almost exclusively female, schools are a place where male interests are not cultivated. As noted by Raby (2005), the language of school codes of conduct suggests that young people are seen to be incomplete, at risk, and in need of guidance, a position that legitimizes school rules and their enforcement (p. 73). There is a certain body of knowledge that it is assumed children must know in order to be productive citizens and function in society. Education serves as an agent of socialization because it engages students in competition in academic success which helps create a social environment for students to interact in. Stanley Cohen (1972) coined the term moral panic to refer to the social phenomenon of mass attention being given to topics that appear to threaten the established social order. According to Cohen (1972), individuals (or groups of individuals), events, or conditions are perceived as jeopardizing wider societal values and interests. So far, this chapter has described the various ways that teachers and school practices contribute to the socialization of children. 1. The rationale behind introducing school uniforms was that standardizing wardrobes would make it impossible for students to wear clothes reflecting gang affiliation and the presence of intruders within schools would be easier to identify as they would stand out in a sea of uniforms. What reasons have parents given for home schooling their children? Schools which have vague and inconsistently enforced rules and ambiguous responses to rule-breaking, teachers and administration who do not agree on rules, and students who do not believe that the rules are legitimate are typically associated with higher discipline problems and have a poor school climate (Welsh et al. Other research findings reveal that this is more than a perception and that abject racism has been detected in schools use of disciplinary procedures (Ferguson, Tilleczek, Boydell, and Rummens 2005). Examples-socialization must occur for a high school freshman to adjust to their new situation. Students develop valuable knowledge and skills that will allow them to make informed decisions as they become independent citizens. What group(s) were you in? In an overview of studies (Sussman et al. Students who are less academically inclined are put into classes that better match their abilities and interests, like vocational training. The first part addresses the essential implication of race theory in adult education. There are many new behaviours and experiences that children must adapt to when starting school for the first time. When a student enters high school, the courses that he or she takes greatly influence the post-secondary options available to him or her upon graduation. It was emphasized that children have to learn how to be students and that the teacher is largely in charge of not only subject-specific education, but also the teaching of morals and values. Peer-rejected children, however, are not only aggressive children. Socializing This is the complete list of articles we have written about socializing. Examples Schools become a significant social world for children to navigate. The term streaming is typically used to apply to formal processes of splitting students into ability groupings and is usually discussed in a manner that focuses on the individual student. Structural and Social Inequalities in Schooling, After reading this chapter, you will be able to. The findings of research on the impact of school uniforms on school safety has, in general, not supported the premise of reduced behavioural problems in students (Han 2010) or school achievement (Yeung 2009). The OHRC also found that racial minority students were also disproportionately represented among those who had been disciplined with suspensions and expulsions under the act. 6. But curriculum is just one aspect. These 1400 hours in the school setting per year do not include extracurricular activities and school preparatory work, like homework. The Britney look consisted of tight jeans and midriff-baring tops, while the JLo look was characterized by figure-hugging velour track suits. While these groupings are very broad, they do point to the consistency of general groups over time and across English-speaking countries. Goths, skaters, punks, headbangers, and emos are all names given to groups that have been found within adolescent peer groups in schools, all of which are oriented around particular tastes in music and fashion. Within the school setting, social competence is achieved when students embrace and achieve socially sanctioned goals. The next section addresses the techniques that are used within schools to socialize children into being desirable students. These ideals are normatively approved and accepted models of what a student should be like to fit into schooling contexts, not only in North America but in virtually all places where formal schooling occurs. They found that the young adults who had been home schooled had higher academic attainment in young adulthood than the average population. In what major ways is the organization of the family different from the organization of the school? The outrage that followed the display by the Winnipeg teachers strongly supports the idea that teachers are implicit moral role models. Benefits. Characteristics of the school, teachers, and the peer group all influence the socialization of children within school settings. Warm and supportive teachers and a positive school climate are crucial for the positive social development of children, and the absence of such can have long-term detrimental effects on students, particularly if they have family problems. No Way! Critics argue, however, that further demarcating tasks as masculine and feminine continues to promote very narrow gender roles (Greig 2003). Socializationrefers to the ongoing process of learning the expected behaviours, values, norms, and social skills of individuals who occupy particular roles in society. A major objective of socialization in the school setting is to make a child socially competent. Social ties that students have among each other have been found to have effects on academic achievement (Broh 2002), such that positive social interactions in the school environment spill over into how well they do in their schoolwork. 2007)depending on who is doing them. Being the member of a peer group that engages in deviant or rebellious behaviour, for example, may increase the bond of students within those groups but also serve to reinforce related attitudes and behaviours that result in poor school performance. Summarize how streaming contributes to socialization in schools. The inner ring is characterized by explicit moral instruction. The first zone is called the core. The series of courses a student should take that best matches his or her abilities and aptitudes; also known as tracking. Studies have found that classrooms in the lower tracks have a variety of less desirable characteristics that undoubtedly impact on the learning of students such as less experienced teachers, less challenging coursework, and teachers with lower expectations of students (Katz 1999). It is implied, however, that more male role models in the classroom would improve boys improvementbut critics again argue that this view relies on a single vision of masculinity that is assumed to be the same among all male teachers (Greig 2003). What is streaming? The term zero tolerance first gained popularity in the area of law enforcement in the United States. Changes in specific school dress codes shift according to trends in popular fashion. Schools socialize children by teaching them their formal curricula but also a hidden curriculum that imparts the cultural values of the society in which the schools are found. One of these values is the need to respect authority, as evidenced by these children standing in line. Single-sex schools have also been suggested as a solution to the boy problem. Greig (2003) argues that proponents of such arguments are engaged in a discussion that assumes that boys are in need of gender repair (Lingard and Douglas 1999). Personal histories of students are ignored and therefore students do not carry the stigma of past experiences with them in the school. How do relationships with teachers influence the socialization of students? School as an Agent of Socialization - 570 Words | Essay Example The majority of these codes tend to focus on issues surrounding dress codes and behaviour toward other students, teachers, and staff, while some include zero tolerance policies. They had a higher likelihood of participating in risky and illegal behaviour. Sokal (2010) found no evidence that computer-assisted literacy programs had any influence on Canadian males from low socioeconomic backgrounds who struggled with reading.
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